RESUMO
The andrological study of a species involves the macro- and microscopic analyses of the internal reproductive organs and the evaluation of seminal parameters and ultrastructural characteristics of the spermatozoa. As in other vertebrates, the male reproductive tract in chondrichthyans consists of testes and reproductive ducts (efferent duct, epididymis, Leydig's gland, ductus deferens and seminal vesicle). In this study the authors used three adult specimens of Zapteryx brevirostris from wild capture kept at the Ubatuba Aquarium, Brazil. Semen was collected by abdominal massage over the location of the seminal vesicle, preceded by ultrasonographic evaluation. The semen collected was diluted 1:200 and subject to quantitative and morphological analyses. Ultrastructural analysis was performed using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Correlation was observed between successful collection and ultrasonographic image of an engorged seminal vesicle, as well as testicles with easily delimitable margins and higher echogenicity. It was possible to identify free spermatozoa with helical filiform appearance, as well as spermatozeugmata. The average sperm concentration resulted in 5 million packets per millilitre and 140 million spermatozoa per millilitre. The sperm nucleus is described as follows: cone shaped, parachromatin sheath less dense than the chromatin of the nucleus, smooth depression of the nuclear fossa, abaxial axoneme 9 + 2 and accessory axonemal columns in positions 3 and 8 and oval shaped, with flattened inner surface in cross-section. These results broaden the knowledge of the andrology of this species, contributing to ex situ breeding programmes.
Assuntos
Andrologia , Rajidae , Masculino , Animais , Sêmen , Genitália Masculina/ultraestrutura , Espermatozoides/ultraestrutura , Testículo/anatomia & histologia , PeixesRESUMO
Colouring has a great influence on the commercialization of ornamental fish. The aim of this study was to evaluate different concentrations of canthaxanthin in the diet of the blood swordtail Xiphophorus helleri in an effort to obtain a more intense red colour. Six concentrations of canthaxanthin (0, 50, 100, 250, 400 and 600 mg kg-1 diet) were used. The experiment lasted 60 days. Fish were evaluated for increased red pigmentation through the use of photographs (performed by smartphone) and imaging applications considering the Hunter method and the CMYK and productive performance. No significant differences were observed for productive performance. The use of photographs by means of a smartphone and the use of imaging applications proved to be adequate to assess differences in colour in the species. Swordtail red pigmentation did not show significant increase regardless of canthaxanthin dosages. Varieties of ornamental fish bred for red coloration may have limits for increased colour due to the storage capacity of carotenoids by chromatophores.
Assuntos
Cantaxantina , Ciprinodontiformes , Animais , Cor , Carotenoides , Dieta/veterináriaRESUMO
Endemic to the south-west Atlantic Ocean, the shortnose guitarfish (Zapteryx brevirostris) is a small species, classified as endangered by the IUCN. Although reproduction in captivity has been successful for some species, a range of factors can limit the success of captive breeding programmes for elasmobranchs. In Brazil, the Ubatuba Aquarium was the first public aquarium to reproduce small-sized elasmobranchs. Since 2018, at least five parturition events have been recorded for Z. brevirostris at the institution. From a total of 13 live neonates that rearing was attempted, the mean ± standard error of weight, total length (TL) and disc width at birth were 17.47 ± 1.6 g, 13.25 ± 0.7 cm and 6.53 ± 0.2 cm, respectively. The mean weight as well as mean TL were higher for females at all births, with 26.15 g and 15.07 cm for females in comparison with 17.09 g and 13.94 cm for males. Considering the increasing risk of extinction that the species is facing, age and growth studies are fundamental for the success of conservation, improving the knowledge of Z. brevirostris life cycle so that a more efficient and sustainable management can be carried out. This study provides important data, as well as directions for captive breeding of the species.
Assuntos
Elasmobrânquios , Rajidae , Feminino , Masculino , Animais , Gravidez , Reprodução , Parto , BrasilRESUMO
Neobenedenia melleni (MacCallum, 1927) (Monogenea) is a pathogen widely spread in marine teleost cultures around the world. The present paper recorded this parasite species in the Goliath grouper Epinephelus itajara for the first time Brazil. The use of freshwater bath for parasite control was successful for the Goliath grouper.
Assuntos
Perciformes/parasitologia , Trematódeos/fisiologia , Animais , BrasilRESUMO
Neobenedenia melleni (MacCallum, 1927) (Monogenea) is a pathogen widely spread in marine teleost cultures around the world. The present paper recorded this parasite species in the Goliath grouper Epinephelus itajara for the first time Brazil. The use of freshwater bath for parasite control was successful for the Goliath grouper.
Neobenedenia melleni (MacCallum, 1927) (Monogenea) é um patógeno largamente distribuído em culturas de teleósteos marinhos no mundo. No presente trabalho, esta espécie de parasito é registrada pela primeira vez no Mero Epinephelus itajara, no Brasil. A utilização de um banho de água doce foi eficiente para eliminar os parasitos no Mero.
Assuntos
Animais , Perciformes/parasitologia , Trematódeos/fisiologia , BrasilRESUMO
Sea lice (copepods) are widespread pathogens in marine teleost cultivation around the world. The sea louse Caligus mutabilis Wilson, 1905, is recorded here for the first time in sea-farmed gag grouper, Mycteroperca microlepis, in Brazil.
Assuntos
Bass/parasitologia , Copépodes/fisiologia , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Masculino , Oceanos e MaresRESUMO
Sea lice (copepods) are widespread pathogens in marine teleost cultivation around the world. The sea louse Caligus mutabilis Wilson, 1905, is recorded here for the first time in sea-farmed gag grouper, Mycteroperca microlepis, in Brazil.
Os piolhos marinhos (copépodes) são patógenos amplamente difundidos nos cultivos de teleósteos marinhos ao redor do mundo. O copépode Caligus mutabilis Wilson, 1905 é aqui registrado pela primeira vez em cultivos de badejo-de-areia, Mycteroperca microlepis, no Brasil.
Assuntos
Animais , Copépodes/fisiologia , Ectoparasitoses/veterinária , Peixes/parasitologia , Oceanos e MaresRESUMO
Neobenedenia melleni (MacCallum, 1927) (Monogenea) is a widespread pathogen in marine teleost cultures all over the world. The present paper reports this parasite species in farmed cobia (Rachycentron canadum) in Brazil, for the first time. Some comments on preventive actions for avoiding the disease are made.
Assuntos
Perciformes/parasitologia , Platelmintos , Animais , Brasil , Pesqueiros , Água do MarRESUMO
Neobenedenia melleni (MacCallum, 1927) (Monogenea) is a widespread pathogen in marine teleost cultures all over the world. The present paper reports this parasite species in farmed cobia (Rachycentron canadum) in Brazil, for the first time. Some comments on preventive actions for avoiding the disease are made.
Neobenedenia melleni (MacCallum, 1927) (Monogenea) é um patógeno amplamente distribuído em cultivo de teleósteos marinhos no mundo. Este estudo relata pela primeira vez essa espécie de parasito em cultivo de cobia, Rachycentron canadum, no Brasil. Comentários sobre prevenção para evitar a doença são discutidos.
Assuntos
Animais , Platelmintos , Perciformes/parasitologia , Brasil , Pesqueiros , Água do MarRESUMO
A garoupa-verdadeira (Epinephelus marginatus) é uma espécie de serranídeo com grande importância ecológica e boas perspectivas para o cultivo. A investigação da morfologia do trato digestório, associada à atividade alimentar, é fundamental para a compreensão da biologia dessa espécie e premissa básica para pesquisas sobre requerimentos nutricionais, desenvolvimento de rações e práticas adequadas de manejo alimentar. O presente trabalho descreve a anatomia e, por meio da microscopia de luz, as variações histológicas ao longo do tubo digestório de juvenis de Epinephelus marginatus, correlacionando a histologia de cada seguimento com as respectivas funções e o hábito alimentar. Verificou-se que essa espécie possui elevado número de tipos celulares ao longo do tubo digestório que estão intimamente relacionados com a resposta imunológica inata e adaptativa, permitindo o hábito alimentar detritívoro.
The dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus) is a serranida species with great ecological importance and good perspectives for rearing. The investigation of the digestive tract morphology associated to the feeding activity is essential for the understanding of the biology of this species and a basic premise for research on feed requirements, feed development and appropriate feeding methods. The present study describes the anatomy and histological variations along the digestive tract of Epinephelus marginatus juveniles associating the histology with function and feeding habit. It was verified that this species possesses a high number of different cellular types along the digestive tube intimately related with the innate and adaptative immunological responses.
Assuntos
Comportamento Alimentar , Histologia , Ambiente Marinho , BassRESUMO
O diagnóstico precoce de patologias no meio aquático constitui-se em uma necessidade vital para o sucesso dos cultivos. Considerados como parasitos oportunistas, surtos de infestação de monogenóides capsalídeos podem ocasionar mortalidades massivas gerando enormes prejuízos nos cultivos. Exemplares de garoupa-verdadeira Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834), com peso médio de 142,74 ± 38,65 g, apresentaram recusa da alimentação e sintomas como o escurecimento do corpo, natação errática, opacidade dos olhos, exoftalmia e hemorragias em diversas áreas do corpo. Alguns peixes apresentavam lesões no globo ocular e cegueira. Após análises dos peixes foi identificada a ocorrência do parasito Neobenedenia melleni. Este trabalho teve por objetivo testar o efeito de diferentes tratamentos por imersão em diferentes concentrações de formalina e água doce na erradicação de monogenoides capsalideos na garoupa-verdadeira. Foram testados três tratamentos em forma de banhos: T1 (água doce por 10 minutos); T2 (formalina: 1:2.000 por 10 minutos) e T3: (formalina: 1:4.000 por 10 minutos). Os tratamentos foram avaliados através de raspado de tecido epitelial, montados entre lâminas e lamínulas e observado ao microscópio de luz. Observou-se que nas condições testadas o T1 e o T2 foram eficientes na eliminação dos monogenóides capsalídeos na garoupa-verdadeira.
The precocious diagnosis of pathologies in the aquatic way is constituted in a vital need for the success of the cultivations. Considered as parasites opportunists, infestations of monogeneans capsalides can cause missal mortalities resulting in enormous damages in the cultivations. Juveniles of dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834), with medium weight of 142.74 ± 38.65 g, presented refusal of the feeding and symptoms as the darkening of the body, erratic swimming, opacity of the eyes and hemorrhages in several areas of the body. Some fishes presented lesions in the eyeball and blindness. After analyses of the fish the occurrence of the parasite Neobenedenia melleni was identified. This work objective was to test therapeutic treatments seeking the monogenean capsalid eradication in juveniles of dusky grouper. Three treatments were tested in form of baths: T1 (fresh water for 10 minutes); T2 (formalin: 1:2,000 for 10 minutes) and T3: (formalin: 1:4,000 for 10 minutes). The treatments were evalueted by scraping epithelium tissue, mounted in slide glass and cover slip and observed by light microscope. It was observed that in the tested conditions T1 and T2 were efficient in the elimination of the monogeneans capsalids without presenting lethality in the dusky grouper.
Assuntos
Animais , Bass/parasitologia , Trematódeos/fisiologia , Aquicultura , Controle de Doenças TransmissíveisRESUMO
The precocious diagnosis of pathologies in the aquatic way is constituted in a vital need for the success of the cultivations. Considered as parasites opportunists, infestations of monogeneans capsalides can cause missal mortalities resulting in enormous damages in the cultivations. Juveniles of dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834), with medium weight of 142.74 +/- 38.65 g, presented refusal of the feeding and symptoms as the darkening of the body, erratic swimming, opacity of the eyes and hemorrhages in several areas of the body. Some fishes presented lesions in the eyeball and blindness. After analyses of the fish the occurrence of the parasite Neobenedenia melleni was identified. This work objective was to test therapeutic treatments seeking the monogenean capsalid eradication in juveniles of dusky grouper. Three treatments were tested in form of baths: T1 (fresh water for 10 minutes); T2 (formalin: 1:2,000 for 10 minutes) and T3: (formalin: 1:4,000 for 10 minutes). The treatments were evalueted by scraping epithelium tissue, mounted in slide glass and cover slip and observed by light microscope. It was observed that in the tested conditions T1 and T2 were efficient in the elimination of the monogeneans capsalids without presenting lethality in the dusky grouper.